Wicked is a musical that reimagines the world of The Wizard of Oz by centering the story on Elphaba, later labeled the Wicked Witch of the West, and Glinda, who becomes the Good Witch. In Oz, political power is consolidated under the Wizard, who sustains his rule through propaganda, public spectacle, and the systematic scapegoating of Elphaba, while also repressing Animals who are capable of speech and independent thought. Glinda rises to prominence by aligning herself with the Wizard, gaining popularity, legitimacy, and close access to power as a symbol of goodness and stability.
Although Glinda privately disagrees with many of the Wizard's actions, she chooses to remain within the system, believing that gradual reform and quiet influence are preferable to open confrontation that might destabilize Oz. Elphaba, by contrast, rejects the Wizard's legitimacy and engages in direct resistance, positioning herself as a radical challenger to the existing order and enabling the state to frame her dissent as villainy, resulting in her public vilification, isolation, and persecution even as her opposition exposes the regime's underlying injustices.